To add protocol handler vmware-view:// you need to add file vmware-view.desktop to ~/.local/share/applications.

It looks like this:

[Desktop Entry]
Name=VMware Horizon Client
Exec=/vmware-view %u
Type=Application
Terminal=false
MimeType=x-scheme-handler/vmware-view;

Exec and MimeType are very important.

Then you need to add line

x-scheme-handler/vmware-view=vmware-view.desktop

to file ~/.local/share/applications/mimeapps.list under [Default Applications]

At the end you will probably need to type command:

update-desktop-database ~/.local/share/applications

For me it was working on all browsers.